▶CCT+333+Labs

__**Lab 1**__ __**Jan 02, 2012**__ __**Group members : Che rin Kim, Park Byungjoo**__


 * Question #1:**
 * Divide into pairs. Compare and contrast a Sony Walkman, a Discman, and an Apple iPod, and describe the differences in their product and interface design, as well as how they deliver music technically.**

Differences between a Sony Walkman, a Discman, and an Apple iPod

__Sony walkman__ is the cassette-based music player and an electric mechanic. It has two headphone jacks and a hotline facility to enable the speaking over a microphone. The mechanical gears installed inside of its hardware. And It is an analog based machine that has the tape inside which reads the sounds and runs the musics. It carries chunky headphones compare to CD players and iPod. Operated by the physical contact. Control of the buttons: Stop, Play, Rewind, Fast forward. It delivers the sound in real-time. It is fragile and breakable due to a physical wear formation. Magnetic playhead reads and plays the tape.

__Sony discman__ is the portable CD player. It referred to as "CD walkman" and redesigned after the walkman. Operated by an optic-laser. It is a digital in a sense but it is very fragile because it causes a lot of errors in terms of the mechanical functions: The sound often skips when moving. Mechanical gears activate CD and use a laser at the same time in order to read and play the music. Limited use due to the aging of machine.

An apple __iPod__ is a portable media players created by Apple Inc. It's content is digital and operated by several softwares such as iTunes and iOS which enables the readings. Hearing problems occurs during the sound transfer system. Some parts are mechanical based component but mostly few. It is basically compression of mp3. It is very fragile because it has built it as a hard drive. When the batteries die it can't be usable again. It is disposable machine. Users have the ability to play musics by the digital file.


 * Question #2:**
 * Divide into pairs. If you were to build a web site dividing the characteristics of these devices into categories for a web site, what category titles would you use? List 6 categories which would be in your navigation bar.**

Analog Digital multi tasking Choose the brand Sound quality Price

Review the Tutorial 1 movies, and describe Jonathan Ives and his theory of 'undesign' in relation to his work at Macintosh. (200 words)
 * Tutorial #1 Wiki Question (2 marks):**

Apple computer vice-president for industrial design, Jonathan Ives talks about the importance of design process. He points out that keeping the unnecessary features out of the product is very important. Ives also recommends to keep investigating and wondering about how the product is going to work best with ease. He keeps focusing on the simplicity and ease and this insight differentiates Apple computers from the other companies. And Ives comes up with the 'theory of undesign' which shows how he excludes the aesthetic design out of the products. In this theory, Ives believes that the products' visual appearances and shapes should not be the primary key for an attraction. Instead, It is important in a product to show what is and isn't necessary in order to prevent the confusion with the product. Ives finds that applying the theory of undesign helps users to learn fast. The examples are iPod, iPhone, iPad, Macbook and Mac computers.

__**Lab 2**__ __**Jan 09, 2012**__


 * Tutorial #2 Wiki Questions:**


 * 1. Which product interests you the most, and why? (200 words)**

I found that the "Ceramic Water Filter" design interests me the most. It is originally designed by Dr. Fernando Mazareigosm a Guatemalan chemist. Ceramic water filter is an inexpensive and effective type of water filter that rely on the small pore size of ceramic material to filter dirt, debris and bacteria out of water.

It works in a simple way that waters introduced to one side of the filter, which blocks the passage of anything larger than the size of the pore. Typically bacteria and protozoa are removed but viruses can go through the filter because they are small enough to pass that small pore. Ceramic water filters treated with silver and it helps to kill the bacterial and prevent the growth of mold and algae in the body of the filter.

This type of design is very important in many places in the world. Many countries or towns may have lack of waters and since the water is the most essential element of all, Ceramic water filter should be given out broadly.

It is because .. if the natural disaster effects the human being, people would not definitely care about the luxury goods and money. And we wouldn't be able to buy or obtain the waters with those things. Therefore, the knowledge and the general idea of how the system of Ceramic water filter works must be known to people in general.


 * 2. Which category would interest you to research further for your group project, and why? (100 words)**

Health? Water? Maybe both. I consider that 'Health' is the most important category for my group project. It is because that without 'Being healthy', human cannot achieve anything in their life time. People are incapable of everything if they are unhealthy. Well-being stimulates people to take an action successfully in terms of learning, physical activities, social activities and other involvement in our lifestyle. Health is the primary condition of everything that we start off. And 'Water' is important category as well because every living creature needs water in order to be alive. It is the essential elements of all creatures in the world.

__**Lab 3**__ __**Jan 16, 2012**__


 * CCT333 Tutorial #3 Wiki Questions:**


 * 1. Describe the benefits of microfinancing according to 'Can the Cellphone Help End Global Poverty' at**
 * __[]__(200 words)**

The benefits of microfinancing according to Chipchase are introduced in this article. Owning a cellphone is very beneficial in terms of minimizing the time consuming in our daily life. Cellphone allows us to save time for getting particular information. Especially, cellphone makes us to connect with tons of people since we are now living in the world where most people are accessed to phone calling activity. Thus, it makes us save time to travel around the places to obtain the information or getting the certain works done. Plus, it also helps people to be more socialize by using text messaging services or phone call with people who are in a long distance as well and people can save a lot of money. And owing a cellphone can be more useful when emergency situation occurs. These mobile devices have been developed continuously in our lives and more technologies have now attached within cellphone. For instance, banking services is very important in microfinancing because many people easily access and afford. Another possibility is that there are many applications for disability condition, and it functions as a small wallet since it is portable. Cellphone allows us to access many other necessary applications for our lives. If people who are in poverty are all access to cellphone, it will improve the standard of living and the economies of their country or town.


 * 2. “It’s really quite striking,” Hammond says. “What people are voting for with their pocketbooks, as soon as they have more money and even before their basic needs are met, is telecommunications.” (World Resources Institute)**
 * In the spirit of this quote, describe four instances of how owning a cellphone enables users to better their lives. (4 paragraphs/ one for each instance)**

-Text Messaging : with short sentences, people can still communicate simply especially when they are in places where can't speak on the phone.

-Receiving Information : It helps us to obtain the information by calling and it also allows us to save time and money at the same time.

-Socializing : Mobile devices allows people to be socially activate by exchanging the personal phone numbers or texting each other or greeting on the phone with a long distant relationship.

-In case of emergency : Cellphone allows people to access 911 quickly or access to help for the emergencies.

__**Lab 4**__ __**Jan 23, 2012**__


 * Tutorial #4 Wiki Question:**


 * 1. Analyze the information architecture of the "Story of Stuff" web site, and describe how it has been designed to maximize its content as a teaching tool to deliver complex information. (2 paragraphs)**

The website seems to be well constructed in the straightforward way. It presents what the website is about clearly by focusing on the main theme. For instance, in the website "Story of Stuff", there are 8 different navigation menu bars that contain videos, introduction of the books, and other media sources about the story of stuff project. In addition, they designed this website in the interactive way so that people can share their opinions in the blog menu as well.

It makes users to easily follow and receive the information about what their project is all about by providing different categories and details of it. It delivers its ideas very well in terms of the structure of the website and its well presented contents.


 * 2. Describe each stage of the material economy. (6 paragraphs/one stage each paragraph)**


 * Materials Economy:** It is a linear system that products and materials are produced to increase people's consumption. This system yields more and more wastes which will cause problems in terms of declining natural resources all over the world. Materials economy will affect our environment, economies, and all societies including people seriously.


 * Extraction:** It is described as a 'stripping natural resources' for the purpose of producing products. Many corporations are involved in extraction and they use over one third of the natural resources from the earth. The corporations are extracting too much and they produce products so much for their own profits. Thus, it causes fast process of running out the earth's resources.


 * Production:** During the process of making products from the natural resources, toxic chemicals are created as well. In other words, production generates the toxic chemicals and affect people in everyday lives, as well as environment and ecosystem.


 * Distribution:** The products are distributed to stores where people can purchase them easily. In order to keep moving such inventory system, these prices are kept low by paying the workers under the minimum wages and excluding the health care services.


 * Consumption:** Consumption is when people purchase the product. It is the most significant stage of the linear system because this is the goal of the material economy. When we look at the whole process of consumption and the product itself, we find that these products are meant to be thrown away soon. This is the whole point of the material economy which aims only for the corporations' benefits. And this is facilitated through 'Planned obsolescence'. which is the way of structuring and designing the products to be easily breakable in a short period time so people have to buy the new one again and again. Consumption the starting point which makes people to participate in more consumption. Especially, many commercial tend to tempt people to earn more and more products so that they can sell more products.


 * Disposal:** It is when consumer throw out the products. These dumped products became garbages by landfills or incinerating. Then they affects the environment and causes pollution by creating the dioxide in the air and climate changes. This deadly, fatal air pollution affects all over the world and threats people's health.

__**Lab 5**__ __**Jan 30, 2012**__


 * CCT333 Tutorial #5 Wiki Questions: Bodystorming**


 * As part of 'Experience Prototyping', bodystorming has been developed as a method of enquiry for interactive design. Research the definition of 'bodystorming', and write three paragraphs describing its characteristics. (3 paragraphs)**

Bodystorming is a technique that used in interaction design or as a creativity technique. It's goal is to help designers derive new ideas and unexpected ideas by physically experiencing a situation. This type of activity would probably take about an hour by small group of designers.

Basically, bodystorming is a unique method that requires setting up an __experience-complete with necessary artifacts, people and physically "testing"__ it. It is the way designers interact with the environment and the choices they make. They bodystorm to generate unexpected ideas that might not be realized by just thinking or sketching (brainstorming). It helps to create empathy in the context of possible solutions for prototyping. In other words, it let us to start thinking about the alternative ideas when we are stuck in the ideation process.

There are three different characteristics in the bodystorming. First, when the designers work in the spaces or places that their product or design will be used in, the new ideas will be clear just by being in the real environment. Second, the designers will be able to set up the strong prototyping in the environment as they work. They will construct the products with more details in the simulated environment. Third, the designers will be able to test the product by involving actual people (customers) in that environment. It will help to find a better way of solutions.


 * Redesign a coffee cup and its lid so that it can be fully recycled. Coffee cups are problematic to recycle, as they have plastic on the inside of the cup, so cannot be recycled as paper. The combination of the petroleum sip lid, while attached to the cup, has created serious problems for landfill in cities internationally as they are an ubiquitous part of commuting culture, and thrown out together, cannot be recycled.**


 * Use a pen and paper to develop your use-case theater scenario as a mind map of the coffee culture for commuters, and a diagram of your redesigned coffee cup. You can scan and upload this diagram to your wikispace tutorial page as part of your answer. (25 minutes, 2 names, 4 paragraphs, one diagram)**


 * Group members: Che rin Kim, Byoungjoo Park**



Me and my partner went to Starbucks as a body storming stage to experience the product, Starbucks coffee. We bought Starbucks coffee, sat, and observed others while we were enjoying our Starbucks Coffee. While we were observing other customers, we saw that every customer who purchased a coffee used a separate coffee cup holder. It was to prevent their hands from holding hot coffee cups. This got us to think about why we were using separate coffee cup holder when the coffee cup is already made of heat resistant material. The one of important reason why Starbucks coffee cup is not recyclable is due to its complexity in separating it's two materials used to produce coffee cups. And the purpose of these two materials is to make the cups heat resistant and that prevents leakage. If people were going to use the separate coffee cup holder anyways, why not make the coffee cup with a single material that just prevents the leakage so it can be recycled easily and use coffee cup holders for heat resistance purpose. A separate coffee cup holder that is resistant to heat can prevent people's hand from feeling too hot. The coffee cup holder can also be redesigned so it is larger in size so it covers the whole surface of the coffee cup. This way, people can put the separate coffee cup holder around the coffee cup just like what they are use to doing now but slightly in a different way, and keep the whole purpose of leakage prevention and heat resistant just like the original coffee cup.

__**Lab 6**__ __**Feb 06, 2012**__

Look over examples of her biomimetic principles applied to products in the slideshow located at []and on the article at [] and describe how these principles could be applied to make a company more efficient in its design processes. (3 paragraphs, 200 words)
 * CCT333 Tutorial 6 Wiki Question:**

Biomimicry is a design method that seeks sustainable solutions by mimicking nature's patterns. The goal is to create products, processes, and policies, new ways of living that are well-adapted to life on earth. Biomimicry helps designers or innovators to guide ecological age of mankind. In other words, Biomimicry is a green idea because It allows us to learn and apply patterns of nature in our own lives.

According to the biomimicry guide, Biomimicry innovation method can help companies to create products and process more sustainable, perform well, save energy, cut material costs, redefine and eliminate waste. If the companies have ability to reduce the costs of materials and save energy, they will help to protect environment. Also, they would not generate a lot of unnecessary wastes on earth when there is biomimicry competition between other companies.

Applying biomimetic design into our lives will improve the efficiency of products that companies produce. As Janine Benyus mentioned in the article, the companies could study nonpolluting, energy-efficient manufacuturing technologies which can deliver the importance of living in harmony with nature. And since biomimicry follows life's principles, it will be the most important job requirement for the innovators and designers in the future.

biomimetic design food web: self-sustaining biological ecosystems that produce no waste or harmful byproducts echolocation
 * Terms to know:**

__**Lab 7**__ __**Feb 13,2012**__


 * CCT333 Tutorial 7 Wiki Questions:**
 * Describe how Bill Moggridge defines 'design as a collaborative process'. (3 paragraphs)**

Bill Moggridge introduced the concept of 'design as a collaborative process' in his lecture. This is a team working process which aims to find the problems in order to improve the design quality and usability. This process conducts by both inventors and users.

Moggridge highlights that design is keep changing and it must work based on what people's need. And also, design supposed to please its users by providing the right functions. The best way to design such products is involving the actual clients which is called the participator design. While inventors work with the clients, they receive the feedback before producing their designed product. Thus, inventors are able to keep changing the design until the best product is found.

Moggridge provides an example of the Red Cross which attempts to encourage people to donate bloods. They showed the previous donators' messages and experiences in order for them to be recognized.


 * How does Tangible Earth represents a real time interface of data visualization? (2 paragraphs)**

Tangible Earth is a digital interactive globe which shows dynamic features of world changing. It displays what is happening in the world which is real time. For example, it visualizes the climate changes, population explosions, natural disasters and the condition of the planet. It allows people to prevent the dangers and observe the earth precisely.

Tangible earth function as synchronized terminals which shares data from servers on networks. And it could be the communication tool in terms of education programs because it is connected around the world. It is real time interactive tool for studying the Earth's environment. According to Bill Moggridge, Tangible Earth is a scale representation of the globe that allows people to understand the condition of our planet using interactive technology based on information provided by scientists from various fields. <@http://www.cooperhewitt.org/exhibitions/tangible-earth>

__**Lab 8**__ __**Feb 27, 2012**__


 * Tutorial 8 Wiki Questions:**


 * According to the slideshow by Sylvain Cottong, who is an employee at [|http://www.integratedplace.com], describe the tools and methods of 'service design' (2 paragraphs).**

Service design is a form that describes the product design and the customers' experience. In other words, this method is an interaction design because it focuses on the interactivity between the product and the customers. This type of design process is very helpful not only because it produces useful and desirable for clients but also more efficient and valuable for individuals. The tools of service design are ethnography which is a personas, customer journey maps and service blueprinting. Last method is a service prototyping.

Ethnography discovers and understands the service context and the users. Customer journey maps demonstrates the customers' experience and service interface on a timeline. Service blueprinting records and describes the time and the action sequences. Service prototyping involves scenarios, storytelling, world experience simulation which can be prototype.


 * From your personal experience, what would be a scenario in which these methods would be useful? (2 paragraphs)**

Service design methods would be very useful in any kinds of business. For example, it would be great in opening a retail store or restaurant or organizing the association such as school clubs or other business which involves the customers and the products or services.

If the service design methods are applied in the restaurant business, innovators should consider the interior of the restaurant and other atmosphere of the inside, training the workers, cleanness of the places and the foods and of course the quality of the food services. Customer journey maps and service prototyping would be the important tool in this area.

__**Lab 9**__ __**March 05, 2012**__


 * Tutorial 9 In Class Questions:**

What is a "change agent"? How can you become one? What are the methods discussed in the Hear chapter for gathering information?


 * Tutorial 9 Wiki Questions:**


 * 1. According to this chapter, discuss the importance of the progression from qualitative, generative research to evaluative research as part of their design challenge as part of the Hear: Goals system process. (200 words).**


 * Qualitative research: It allows the innovators/designers to develop a product/services by understanding people, their social behavior, and culture. Qualitative research not only helps to receive the feedback from targeted people directly but also helps to improve the object of their goal.


 * Generative research: It boosts the imagination when designing objects, ideas and solutions.


 * Evaluative research: It is a evaluating process which can help to summarize people's response and the design outcomes.

Researchers/designers are able to figure out the best solution throughout these process because these method reorganize the problems and guide new solutions.


 * 2. Explain why inclusivity of constituents in the Design Challenge is so important, and why the handbook states that recruiting appropriate and inspirational participants is critical, including "extremes". What is their recommended proportion for constituents? (Note that IDEO uses the word "constituents" instead of "stakeholders".) (200 words)**

IDEO uses the word **'constituents'** (people who live in the targeted region) instead of 'stakeholders' (people who are affected by the behaviors). And inclusivity of **constituents** in the Design Challenge is important because researchers need to analyze those targeted people accurately in order to apply the ideas/design to them.

The handbook states that recruiting appropriate and inspirational participants is critical, including 'extremes' in terms of approaching new solutions/ideas/opportunities within the process. There are three categories to represent constituents which are extreme, average, and poor. **Extreme**, these people are considered as the ideal constituents that are one third of participants. Generally, 'extreme' is the outcome of success because they easily absorb the new ideas. The **'average'** constituent are in between of the **'poor'** constituent which is one third of participants. These three categories are very significant to researcher/developers because it allows them to observe those people, social behaviors and their culture. And it is very helpful to construct the ideas and solutions.

__**Lab 10**__ __**March 12, 2012**__


 * Tutorial 10 Wiki Questions:**


 * Write three paragraphs to define the term 'ergonomics'. (3 paragraphs)**


 * What is the 'Gilbreth system of motion analysis' (1 paragraph)**


 * Who was Henry Ford influenced by the efficiency expert, Frederick Taylor? (2 paragraphs)**


 * What are the four basic principles of McDonaldization? (List of 4)**